A Guide to TMJ Disorder Treatments

A TMJ disorder refers to problems with the jaw joints that could be the result of different health issues. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) links the lower jaw to the skull in front of the ears. Some facial muscles responsible for chewing also connect to the lower jaw. Problems with this joint can lead to facial pain, ear pain, head and neck pain, headaches, locked jaw, jaw deviations, biting difficulties and clicking or popping sounds in the jaw.

Treatments for TMJ disorder

For chronic TMJ disorder, treatment often demands a team approach. This may bring together professionals like an ENT surgeon, dentist, pain specialist, physiotherapist and a primary care doctor. Procedures to alleviate pain and restore normal function of the TMJ may involve physical therapy, acupuncture, the use of splints, psychological counseling, hypnotherapy and arthrocentesis.

Medications

The dentist may recommend different varieties of drugs to relieve pain, including tricyclic antidepressants, muscle relaxants and prescription-strength pain relievers. They may also use botulinum toxin alone or in conjunction with other treatments to reduce muscle pain and spasm.

Splints

If TMJ is caused by teeth grinding (bruxism), different types of devices may be suggested for treatment. The dentist may provide the patient with a splint. Splints are custom-made devices for redistributing the biting force of the teeth. This is a plastic shield that covers the upper or lower teeth and is similar to the mouthguard used in sports. The splints help to relieve the impact of clenching and teeth grinding, especially during sleep, while also easing muscle tension. Typically, splints should alleviate the pain and not amplify it; otherwise, patients must discontinue use.

Surgery

Surgery is usually the last resort when treating TMJ disorders. The surgery, called arthrocentesis, involves using a needle to clean and lubricate the joints. During the operation, the surgeon may apply local anesthesia or steroid into the joint. Arthroscopy surgery is performed when the healthcare expert suspects internal issues in the TMJ. This procedure requires anesthesia and is highly effective for relieving TMJ pain.

Physical therapy

The dentist will refer a patient with recurrent or chronic TMJ disorder for physical therapy. The therapist is an expert at restoring smooth joint movement, increasing muscle strength and relieving pain.

Other treatments for TMJ

Patients can also benefit from different types of treatments for chronic TMJ syndrome, including friction massage, cognitive behavior therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). According to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), patients should seek independent opinions from other health professionals before going through with a surgical option. Typically, experts suggest the most conservative and reversible procedure possible after a reasonable diagnosis. NIDCR also says that many irreversible procedures have not been verified as effective and can sometimes worsen the disorder. Such procedures include restorative dentistry, orthodontic treatment to alter the bite and changing the bite by grinding down the teeth to create a balance.

In conclusion

Conservative therapy is often enough to treat TMJ disorder, such as resting the jaw or getting a mouth splint. The effectiveness of the treatment typically depends on the severity of the symptoms and how well patients stick with their treatment plan. Request an appointment here: https://jorgealvarezdds.com or call Jorge L Alvarez DDS at (520) 722-1655 for an appointment in our Tucson office.

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